Main Distribution Frames (MDF) and Intermediate Distribution Frames (IDF) are integral components of modern data communication networks.
Buildings or campus facilities have one or more MDFs which are the
demarcation points where public or private telecommunication networks
interconnect with the internal network. The MDF then connects to any
number of IDFs in the building, and the devices in those IDFs connect to
end devices such as workstations.
As data centers become more decentralized, MDF/IDF closets are now
elevated to mission-critical status. However, they are often overlooked
and mismanaged when compared to more traditional data center sites.
Common challenges of managing remote sites include having no
visibility into equipment inventory and configuration, a lack of
understanding of rack capacity, inaccurate work orders for technicians
performing moves, adds, and changes, the inability to monitor site
health and security, and having siloed tools and teams that don’t
communicate.
Fortunately, there is a path forward to simplify and centralize the
management of your MDF/IDF estate. The key is to have the right tools
and processes in place that allow you to monitor and manage all your
global sites in a single pane of glass.
Here are the top ten best practices to successfully manage your MDF/IDF closet infrastructure.
1. Accurately document the network
MDF/IDF closets contain a lot of ports, cabling, and connections.
When the physical network infrastructure is mismanaged, you can end up
with cable spaghetti and spiderwebs that impede troubleshooting, make it
difficult to move or install equipment, cause unsafe operating
environments, and disrupt airflow. Poor documentation also leads to
inefficient capacity utilization, difficulty in planning and providing
instructions to technicians, and increased costs for unnecessary cabling
and hardware.
For accurate network documentation,
the network teams that often manage the MDF/IDF estate should not use
outdated tools like Excel and Visio that are manual and error-prone.
Instead, visualize all your connections of both active and passive
(i.e., structured cabling and panels) components across all your sites
with network diagrams that are automatically generated based on your
existing connection and circuit information with Data Center Infrastructure Management (DCIM) software.
DCIM software enables you to see your entire network in a single pane
of glass with a high level of detail and customization such as
color-coding, filtering, and tiered views based on your network
attributes. You can even track the connections and structured cabling
that connect the MDF/IDFs to the rest of the network. With automatic and
accurate network diagrams, you can boost productivity by reducing time
spent troubleshooting, planning, and maintaining manual diagrams.
2. Remotely visualize racks, devices, and cabling
With MDF/IDF closets, it is important to know what equipment you
have, where it is located, how it is connected, and where you have
capacity. This can be a challenge when you’re managing hundreds or even
thousands of individual remote sites.
A 3D “digital twin”
of all your sites dramatically simplifies infrastructure management by
enabling you to remotely explore and understand a real-time model of any
site including the assets, power, environment, and connectivity. This
allows for easier, faster, and smarter management than even being
physically there.
With 3D data center visualizations,
you can see your rack contents and panel placements (i.e., above the
rack) better than if you were standing in front of them. High-fidelity
images of each asset in automatic rack elevation diagrams provide a 3D
replica down to the port level that’s to scale. You can also visualize
the port-to-port physical connectivity of your devices to simplify
troubleshooting and capacity planning.
Plus, you can overlay the live measured readings from your power and
environmental sensors on your visualizations to instantly understand the
health and capacity of any site without leaving your desk.
3. Track the right KPIs and share data
Data visibility and transparency is critical to managing MDF/IDF
closets. It is common for the details about them to be maintained in
tools that are used by the network team and not shared with other
functional teams.
Data should be democratized via modern data center management software with business intelligence dashboards,
reports, and visual analytics that enable a centralized view of all the
physical infrastructure resources and capacities across your entire
enterprise. Then, all teams can understand, at-a-glance, the data that
is most important to them such as the real-time status of any site’s
health, capacity, inventory, and productivity.
KPIs you should track include the available capacity of key resources
(i.e., power, space, power, cooling, and data/power port connections),
energy cost, temperature per rack, power redundancy per asset, and data
ports usage per connector type, VLAN/grouping, protocol, data rate, and
media.
Consider creating and sharing personalized dashboards to drive
data-driven collaboration across functional teams. Leverage a solution
that can automatically generate and email reports on a recurring basis
to keep all stakeholders aware of the latest information.
4. Maintain an accurate inventory of assets, parts, and spares
The number of IT assets, supporting infrastructure assets, parts, and
spares in today’s data centers with many remote IDF closets can be
staggeringly high. However, everything must be tracked and managed to
ensure successful deployments, better manage the lifecycle of equipment,
and know the relationships and dependencies of all data center
infrastructure.
Legacy management tools like Excel and Visio are time-consuming,
inaccurate, and should not be used to manage the complex asset
inventories of your data center and remote sites.
DCIM software with complete asset management capabilities
is a must-have for real-time views across your entire footprint
including equipment in racks like servers, storage, networking
equipment, rack PDUs, patch panels, and even applications. Key
information like make, model, dimensions, weight, serial number, asset
tag, location, RU position, and configuration can be easily tracked.
Plus, custom fields allow you to track anything else that it is
important to your organization.
You should also track parts and spares
like hard drives, cards, memory modules, power supplies, and patch
cables. With this information, you can keep track of inventory levels to
know if you have enough parts in stock for new deployments or spares on
hand to quickly repair equipment.
5. Perform regular asset audits
Over time, undocumented moves, adds, and changes in your MDF/IDF
closets may occur. As these add up, your actual environment may be
substantially different than what your documentation shows. When this
happens, there is a greater likelihood of longer troubleshooting times,
underinformed and difficult planning, and delays in rolling out
services.
To maintain the accuracy of your asset inventory, you should perform
an asset audit of each location at least once a year. This has
traditionally been a struggle for many organizations due to the
distributed and ever-changing nature of modern data center environments
and not having enough people resources to conduct the audits.
However, new functionality in DCIM software dramatically simplifies data center asset audits so you can perform them faster, with fewer people, and more accurately.
One person with a barcode or QR code scanner can scan all the
equipment in a rack during the audit. Built-in logic anticipates the
next step in the process and a configurable voice response either
confirms the item is correct in the database or lets you know if a
change is recommended. Upon completing the audit, an exception report
can be generated and exported for review. After verifying the changes
suggested in the report, you can simply import the file back into the
tool to make the updates, ensuring your system always reflects the
actual state of your sites.
6. Monitor and alert on power and environmental conditions
One of the biggest challenges of operating many remote sites is that
they each have their own power and cooling systems that need to be
managed. Without a tool that can centrally monitor the power and environmental conditions of every site, you risk experiencing costly unplanned downtime and inefficient capacity utilization.
First, your sites should be instrumented with metered power
distribution infrastructure and environmental sensors for temperature
and humidity. Then, deploy data center management software that
automatically collects, stores, reports, and alerts on the live measured
readings from these meters and sensors so you always know what is
happening in any of your MDF/IDF locations.
Modern DCIM software transforms your raw data into actionable
insights that help you maintain uptime and increase efficiency. For
example, DCIM software with an enterprise health dashboard displays the
real-time power and environmental health and events for all your sites
in a single pane of glass. Easy-to-understand red-yellow-green
color-coding lets you know exactly which sites have a warning or
critical events based on the thresholds that you configure. You can then
drill down into the details to see what the issue is and proactively
resolve it before it becomes a serious problem. Automatic email
notifications of the threshold violations ensure you are always the
first to know of events anywhere in your global data centers.
Having an advanced warning of issues such as hot spot formation,
power capacity limitations, and loss of redundancy allows you to take
action to keep services online and customers happy.
7. Safeguard your closets from physical threats
Your MDF/IDF closets contain mission-critical infrastructure that is
easily exposed to both malicious and unintentional security threats.
If remote sites are compromised, the damage can be severe. Potential
consequences include sensitive information being stolen, increased
expenses for equipment replacement and legal fees, a ruined reputation
that loses customers, and disrupted business operations that stop
revenue until services are back online.
To protect your sites and assets, keep your equipment in a separate
and locked room, only allow access for authorized personnel, place
cameras in and around each room, and leverage a centralized security
management solution.
Your data center security management software
should offer reporting, audit logs, and video surveillance feeds that
allow you to monitor who has access to various sites and racks, how
often they are accessed, and if attempts are successful or not. Local
RFID authentication or remote control of all your electronic door locks
can also mitigate security risks and help you comply with regulations.
8. Intelligently plan capacity
As with all data center locations, MDF/IDF closets and remote sites
are constrained by capacity limitations. Depending on the site, they may
be constrained by space, power, cooling, or data/power port
connections.
Accurately planning and managing capacity
is essential for maintaining uptime and ensuring efficient resource
utilization. Failure to do so can be expensive and detrimental to your
business. For example, if you don’t enough available capacity, you
cannot deploy new equipment or services until you purchase more. If you
have too much capacity, then you have an inefficient environment that is
wasting money and resources.
DCIM software makes capacity planning easy by allowing you to
visualize rack capacity in 3D, report on the most common capacity KPIs
with zero-configuration dashboard charts and reports, intelligently find
where you have the capacity to deploy new equipment in seconds, and
automate server power budgeting to safely deploy more compute devices in
your existing rack space.
With a modern data center capacity management tool,
you can always know the health and capacity of every site you manage.
For example, MDF/IDF closets often run out of port capacity, but with
DCIM software, you can know at-a-glance how many available ports each
rack has so you can let management know and purchase more resources
before you run out. Plus, real-time monitoring of actual rack power and
UPS loads let you understand your overall power consumption and battery
run time to maximize uptime and availability of IT services.
9. Ensure redundancy
Since each piece of equipment in an MDF/IDF closet is often connected
to hundreds or thousands of other devices that are necessary for end
users, redundancy is critical to the role these sites have in an IT
environment. A single failure in a closet can cause significant downtime
that costs your organization productivity and money.
To reduce the chance of downtime, your sites should have backup
power, cooling, and network systems that are available in the event one
or more of those components fail. It’s also important that you have a
fast failover to redundant systems to ensure you maintain uptime.
The failure of an IDF device may disable hundreds of end stations,
but an MDF failure may disable thousands. To mitigate the risk of a
complete loss of connectivity, many organizations deploy MDFs in pairs.
Some place all MDF devices in the same closet and rely on disparate
cable routing for redundancy while others prefer to place MDF devices in
two separate locations.
In addition to deploying hardware that provides redundancy and
resiliency such as UPSs, you should leverage a software solution that
helps you ensure redundancy. DCIM software enables you to run a failover
simulation report to identify exactly which racks are at risk and what
equipment will continue functioning in the event a rack PDU goes down,
and health polling of intelligent rack PDUs decreases the likelihood and
severity of outages by ensuring systems are online and alerting you of
potential issues.
10. Integrate tools and teams
MDF/IDF closets are typically managed by different teams than the
data center and facilities teams, and it’s a common issue that these
teams use disparate tools and databases. When these tools are not
integrated and there is no single version of the truth that spans the
entire environment, productivity, and data accuracy are reduced.
To reduce manual effort, drive a culture of data sharing and
collaboration, and streamline workflow across functional teams, the most
sophisticated organizations in the world leverage “data center automation via integration”.
Automation via integration is achieved by deploying and integrating
modern DCIM solutions with out-of-the-box connectors that automatically
populate data in the correct systems for a holistic view of all data
center resources and their relationships.
DCIM software is commonly integrated with CMDBs such as ServiceNow,
Jira, BMC, and Ivanti/Cherwell, ticketing systems such as ServiceNow and
Jira, Dev Ops tools such as VMware, Ansible, Chef, Jenkins, and Puppet,
and BMS systems such as Siemens, Johnson Controls, and Honeywell. It
can also integrate with any other tool you have with the appropriate
APIs.
Automation via integration empowers you to enable a single source of
truth and automate anything from virtual machine management,
provisioning and orchestration, parts management, server power
budgeting, scheduled charts and reports for management, and email alerts
for power and environmental threshold violations.